feat(billing): workflow_points_cost config

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

docs/superpowers/plans/2026-06-16-billing-closed-loop.md

@@ -0,0 +1,569 @@
+# 计费闭环 实现计划
+
+> **For agentic workers:** REQUIRED SUB-SKILL: Use superpowers:subagent-driven-development (recommended) or superpowers:executing-plans to implement this plan task-by-task. Steps use checkbox (`- [ ]`) syntax for tracking.
+
+**Goal:** 为 BoosAPI 建立 ledger-first 的双轨计费闭环（USD 池 + 工作流积分池），所有余额变动写统一流水账 `credit_ledger`。
+
+**Architecture:** 新建 `credit_ledger`（唯一真相源）+ `user_credits`（积分缓存）+ `recharge_tiers`（充值档位）三张表。USD 轨沿用 `downstream_api_keys.max_cost/used_cost` 作热路径缓存，每笔变动同事务写一条 ledger。积分轨为工作流执行新增扣费/拦截。分 6 期，本计划详写第 1 期（地基），后 5 期为概要待细化。
+
+**Tech Stack:** Rust (axum + sqlx + SQLite)、React + Vite 前端、in-memory SQLite 测试。
+
+---
+
+## 文件结构（第 1 期）
+
+- 新建 `src/services/billing/ledger.rs` — ledger 写入 + 余额查询的唯一入口（`record_ledger_entry`、`ensure_ledger_schema`）。所有动余额的地方调它，保证"缓存 + ledger 同事务"不变量集中在一处。
+- 修改 `src/services/billing/mod.rs` — `mod ledger;` 导出；`record_usage` 在写 usage_logs + increment 后，同事务补写 ledger(usd, consume)。
+- 修改 `src/services/payment.rs` — `credit_user_balance` 加写 ledger(usd, recharge)。
+- 修改 `src/routes/admin/users.rs` — `adjust_user_balance` 加写 ledger(usd, admin_adjust)。
+- 测试：`src/services/billing/ledger.rs` 内 `#[cfg(test)] mod tests`（复用 in-memory SQLite 模式）。
+
+---
+
+## 第 1 期：地基（credit_ledger + user_credits 表 + USD 轨记账接入）
+
+### Task 1：ledger 表结构 + 写入入口
+
+**Files:**
+- Create: `src/services/billing/ledger.rs`
+- Modify: `src/services/billing/mod.rs`（顶部加 `pub mod ledger;`）
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: 写失败测试** — 在 `src/services/billing/ledger.rs` 末尾：
+
+```rust
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use sqlx::sqlite::SqlitePoolOptions;
+
+    async fn mem_pool() -> SqlitePool {
+        let pool = SqlitePoolOptions::new()
+            .max_connections(1)
+            .connect("sqlite::memory:")
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        ensure_ledger_schema(&pool).await.unwrap();
+        pool
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn record_ledger_entry_writes_row_with_balance_snapshot() {
+        let pool = mem_pool().await;
+        let mut tx = pool.begin().await.unwrap();
+        record_ledger_entry(
+            &mut tx,
+            LedgerEntry {
+                user_id: 7,
+                track: "usd",
+                entry_type: "recharge",
+                amount: 10.0,
+                balance_after: 10.0,
+                ref_type: Some("stripe"),
+                ref_id: Some("cs_1"),
+                model: None,
+                operator: Some("system"),
+                note: None,
+            },
+        )
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+        tx.commit().await.unwrap();
+
+        let row: (i64, String, String, f64, f64) = sqlx::query_as(
+            "SELECT user_id, track, entry_type, amount, balance_after
+             FROM credit_ledger WHERE user_id = 7",
+        )
+        .fetch_one(&pool)
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(row, (7, "usd".into(), "recharge".into(), 10.0, 10.0));
+    }
+}
+```
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: 运行测试确认失败**
+
+Run: `cargo test -p boosapi --lib services::billing::ledger 2>&1 | tail -5`
+Expected: 编译失败（`ensure_ledger_schema`/`record_ledger_entry`/`LedgerEntry` 未定义）。
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: 写最小实现** — 在 `src/services/billing/ledger.rs` 顶部（tests 之前）：
+
+```rust
+use crate::error::AppResult;
+use sqlx::{SqlitePool, Transaction};
+
+/// One balance-changing event. Written to `credit_ledger` in the same
+/// transaction that updates the cached balance, so ledger and cache never diverge.
+pub struct LedgerEntry<'a> {
+    pub user_id: i64,
+    pub track: &'a str,        // "usd" | "points"
+    pub entry_type: &'a str,   // "recharge" | "admin_adjust" | "consume" | "refund" | "grant"
+    pub amount: f64,           // +credit / -debit
+    pub balance_after: f64,
+    pub ref_type: Option<&'a str>,
+    pub ref_id: Option<&'a str>,
+    pub model: Option<&'a str>,
+    pub operator: Option<&'a str>,
+    pub note: Option<&'a str>,
+}
+
+pub async fn ensure_ledger_schema(db: &SqlitePool) -> AppResult<()> {
+    sqlx::query(
+        "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS credit_ledger (
+            id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT NOT NULL,
+            user_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
+            track TEXT NOT NULL,
+            entry_type TEXT NOT NULL,
+            amount REAL NOT NULL,
+            balance_after REAL NOT NULL,
+            ref_type TEXT,
+            ref_id TEXT,
+            model TEXT,
+            operator TEXT,
+            note TEXT,
+            created_at TEXT DEFAULT (datetime('now'))
+        )",
+    )
+    .execute(db)
+    .await?;
+    sqlx::query(
+        "CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS credit_ledger_user_created_idx
+         ON credit_ledger (user_id, created_at DESC)",
+    )
+    .execute(db)
+    .await?;
+    sqlx::query(
+        "CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS credit_ledger_track_type_idx
+         ON credit_ledger (track, entry_type)",
+    )
+    .execute(db)
+    .await?;
+    sqlx::query(
+        "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS user_credits (
+            user_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
+            points_balance REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+            points_total_recharged REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+            updated_at TEXT DEFAULT (datetime('now'))
+        )",
+    )
+    .execute(db)
+    .await?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Append one ledger row inside an existing transaction. Caller is responsible
+/// for also updating the cached balance in the same `tx`.
+pub async fn record_ledger_entry(
+    tx: &mut Transaction<'_, sqlx::Sqlite>,
+    entry: LedgerEntry<'_>,
+) -> AppResult<()> {
+    sqlx::query(
+        "INSERT INTO credit_ledger
+            (user_id, track, entry_type, amount, balance_after,
+             ref_type, ref_id, model, operator, note)
+         VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
+    )
+    .bind(entry.user_id)
+    .bind(entry.track)
+    .bind(entry.entry_type)
+    .bind(entry.amount)
+    .bind(entry.balance_after)
+    .bind(entry.ref_type)
+    .bind(entry.ref_id)
+    .bind(entry.model)
+    .bind(entry.operator)
+    .bind(entry.note)
+    .execute(&mut **tx)
+    .await?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+```
+
+并在 `src/services/billing/mod.rs` 顶部加：`pub mod ledger;`
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: 运行测试确认通过**
+
+Run: `cargo test -p boosapi --lib services::billing::ledger 2>&1 | tail -5`
+Expected: PASS（1 passed）。
+
+- [ ] **Step 5: 提交**
+
+```bash
+git add src/services/billing/ledger.rs src/services/billing/mod.rs
+git commit -m "feat(billing): credit_ledger schema + record_ledger_entry"
+```
+
+### Task 2：USD 消费接入 ledger（record_usage）
+
+**Files:**
+- Modify: `src/services/billing/mod.rs`（`record_usage`，行 ~48-77）
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: 写失败测试** — 在 billing/mod.rs 的 tests mod 加：
+
+```rust
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn record_usage_writes_consume_ledger_entry() {
+    let pool = billing_test_pool().await; // 复用现有测试 pool helper；若无则建 users+downstream_api_keys+usage_logs
+    let tracker = UsageTracker::new(std::sync::Arc::new(pool.clone()));
+    crate::services::billing::ledger::ensure_ledger_schema(&pool).await.unwrap();
+    // key_id=7 属于 user 9，max_cost=10 used_cost=2（由 helper 建好）
+    tracker.record_usage(7, "gpt-4o", 100, 50, 0.42).await.unwrap();
+
+    let row: (String, String, f64, Option<String>) = sqlx::query_as(
+        "SELECT track, entry_type, amount, model FROM credit_ledger
+         WHERE user_id = 9 ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1",
+    ).fetch_one(&pool).await.unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(row.0, "usd");
+    assert_eq!(row.1, "consume");
+    assert_eq!(row.2, -0.42); // 消费为负
+    assert_eq!(row.3.as_deref(), Some("gpt-4o"));
+}
+```
+
+注：若 billing/mod.rs 无现成 `billing_test_pool`，在 tests mod 加一个建 `users`/`downstream_api_keys`(含 user_id=9,key id=7 max_cost=10 used_cost=2)/`usage_logs` 的 helper（参照 payment.rs 的 payment_test_pool）。
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: 运行确认失败**
+
+Run: `cargo test -p boosapi --lib record_usage_writes_consume_ledger_entry 2>&1 | tail -5`
+Expected: FAIL（credit_ledger 无 user 9 行 / 表不存在）。
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: 实现** — `record_usage` 改为事务化，末尾补写 ledger。替换 record_usage 函数体为：
+
+```rust
+pub async fn record_usage(
+    &self,
+    key_id: i64,
+    model: impl Into<String>,
+    prompt_tokens: i64,
+    completion_tokens: i64,
+    cost: f64,
+) -> AppResult<()> {
+    Self::ensure_schema(&self.db).await?;
+    crate::services::billing::ledger::ensure_ledger_schema(&self.db).await?;
+    let prompt_tokens = prompt_tokens.max(0);
+    let completion_tokens = completion_tokens.max(0);
+    let total_tokens = prompt_tokens + completion_tokens;
+    let cost = cost.max(0.0);
+    let model = model.into();
+
+    let mut tx = self.db.begin().await?;
+    sqlx::query(
+        "INSERT INTO usage_logs
+            (downstream_key_id, model, prompt_tokens, completion_tokens, total_tokens, cost)
+         VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
+    )
+    .bind(key_id).bind(&model)
+    .bind(prompt_tokens).bind(completion_tokens).bind(total_tokens).bind(cost)
+    .execute(&mut *tx).await?;
+
+    sqlx::query(
+        "UPDATE downstream_api_keys
+         SET used_requests = COALESCE(used_requests,0)+1,
+             used_cost = COALESCE(used_cost,0)+?,
+             last_used_at = datetime('now'), updated_at = datetime('now')
+         WHERE id = ?",
+    ).bind(cost).bind(key_id).execute(&mut *tx).await?;
+
+    // Resolve owning user + new used_cost for the ledger snapshot.
+    let owner: Option<(Option<i64>, Option<f64>, Option<f64>)> = sqlx::query_as(
+        "SELECT user_id, max_cost, used_cost FROM downstream_api_keys WHERE id = ?",
+    ).bind(key_id).fetch_optional(&mut *tx).await?;
+    if let Some((Some(user_id), max_cost, used_cost)) = owner {
+        let used = used_cost.unwrap_or(0.0);
+        let remaining = max_cost.map(|m| (m - used).max(0.0)).unwrap_or(used);
+        crate::services::billing::ledger::record_ledger_entry(
+            &mut tx,
+            crate::services::billing::ledger::LedgerEntry {
+                user_id, track: "usd", entry_type: "consume",
+                amount: -cost, balance_after: remaining,
+                ref_type: Some("usage_log"), ref_id: None,
+                model: Some(&model), operator: Some("system"), note: None,
+            },
+        ).await?;
+    }
+    tx.commit().await?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+```
+
+（注：原 `increment_key_usage(&self.db, ...)` 调用被事务内 UPDATE 取代，删除该行。）
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: 运行确认通过**
+
+Run: `cargo test -p boosapi --lib record_usage 2>&1 | tail -6`
+Expected: PASS。
+
+- [ ] **Step 5: 提交**
+
+```bash
+git add src/services/billing/mod.rs
+git commit -m "feat(billing): USD consume writes credit_ledger in one tx"
+```
+
+### Task 3：USD 充值接入 ledger（credit_user_balance）
+
+**Files:**
+- Modify: `src/services/payment.rs`（`credit_user_balance`，行 ~2167-2202）
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: 写失败测试** — payment.rs tests mod（复用 payment_test_pool，user 9/key 7 max_cost=10）：
+
+```rust
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn credit_user_balance_writes_recharge_ledger() {
+    let pool = payment_test_pool().await;
+    crate::services::billing::ledger::ensure_ledger_schema(&pool).await.unwrap();
+    let mut tx = pool.begin().await.unwrap();
+    credit_user_balance(&mut tx, 9, 20.0).await.unwrap();
+    tx.commit().await.unwrap();
+    let row: (String, String, f64) = sqlx::query_as(
+        "SELECT track, entry_type, amount FROM credit_ledger WHERE user_id = 9 ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1",
+    ).fetch_one(&pool).await.unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(row, ("usd".into(), "recharge".into(), 20.0));
+}
+```
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: 运行确认失败**
+
+Run: `cargo test -p boosapi --lib credit_user_balance_writes_recharge_ledger 2>&1 | tail -5`
+Expected: FAIL。
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: 实现** — `credit_user_balance` 在 UPDATE max_cost 之后、`Ok(Some(key_id))` 之前插入 ledger 写入（已在事务 tx 内）：
+
+```rust
+    // After the UPDATE that sets next_max_cost on the key:
+    crate::services::billing::ledger::record_ledger_entry(
+        tx,
+        crate::services::billing::ledger::LedgerEntry {
+            user_id, track: "usd", entry_type: "recharge",
+            amount: amount_usd.max(0.0),
+            balance_after: (next_max_cost - used_cost).max(0.0),
+            ref_type: Some("recharge_record"), ref_id: None,
+            model: None, operator: Some("system"), note: None,
+        },
+    ).await?;
+```
+
+（`credit_user_balance` 已是 `tx: &mut Transaction`，直接传 `tx`。确保调用方在调用前已 `ensure_ledger_schema`，或在函数开头加一次幂等建表。）
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: 运行确认通过**
+
+Run: `cargo test -p boosapi --lib credit_user_balance 2>&1 | tail -6`
+Expected: PASS（含已有的 recharge completion 测试）。
+
+- [ ] **Step 5: 提交**
+
+```bash
+git add src/services/payment.rs
+git commit -m "feat(billing): USD recharge writes credit_ledger"
+```
+
+### Task 4：USD 管理员调整接入 ledger（adjust_user_balance）
+
+**Files:**
+- Modify: `src/routes/admin/users.rs`（`adjust_user_balance`，行 ~820）
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: 写失败测试** — users.rs tests mod：调 `adjust_user_balance(State, Path(9), Json{delta:5.0})` 后断言 credit_ledger 有一行 `(usd, admin_adjust, 5.0)`。（建表与 user/key 同 Task 3 helper。）
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: 运行确认失败** — `cargo test -p boosapi --lib adjust_user_balance 2>&1 | tail -5` → FAIL。
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: 实现** — `adjust_user_balance` 现在直接 `execute(&*state.db)`。改为事务：begin → UPDATE max_cost → `record_ledger_entry(track="usd", entry_type="admin_adjust", amount=delta, balance_after=next_max-used, operator=<管理员，暂用 "admin">)` → commit。函数开头 `ledger::ensure_ledger_schema(&state.db).await?;`。
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: 运行确认通过** — `cargo test -p boosapi --lib adjust_user_balance 2>&1 | tail -6` → PASS。
+
+- [ ] **Step 5: 提交**
+
+```bash
+git add src/routes/admin/users.rs
+git commit -m "feat(billing): USD admin adjust writes credit_ledger"
+```
+
+### Task 5：全量回归
+
+- [ ] **Step 1:** `cargo test 2>&1 | grep "test result"` → 全 ok。
+- [ ] **Step 2:** `cargo build 2>&1 | tail -3` → Finished。
+- [ ] **Step 3:** 提交（若有遗留）。
+
+---
+
+## 后续期次（概要，第 1 期落地后逐期细化为同样的 TDD 任务）
+
+### 第 2 期：积分轨
+- `user_credits` 已建表（Task 1）。新增 `adjust_user_credits`（admin 发放/增减，写 ledger points/admin_adjust）。
+- comfy_cloud 确认到账 `admin_confirm_user_recharge` 改为加 `points_balance` + ledger(points, recharge)，受 config 开关 `payment.comfy_recharge_to_points` 控制（默认 true）；历史不迁移。
+- 工作流积分单价 config（默认值 + 按工作流名分级映射）。
+- `workflow/executor.rs` `run_workflow`：执行**前**查 `points_balance >= 单价`，不足返回 Forbidden「工作流积分不足」；执行**成功后**扣积分 + ledger(points, consume, model=工作流名)。
+- 测试：拦截、扣费、充值进积分、管理员调整。
+
+### 第 3 期：A 消费明细
+- `GET /api/user/billing/ledger`（查本人 credit_ledger，track/type/时间过滤、分页）。
+- `GET /api/user/billing/summary`（按天/模型聚合，双轨分开）。
+- 扩展 `UsageRecords.tsx`：双轨切换 + 汇总卡 + 明细列表。
+
+### 第 4 期：B 充值档位
+- `recharge_tiers` 表（已在 spec，Task 1 未建，本期建）+ admin CRUD `/api/admin/recharge-tiers`。
+- 用户充值档位从 DB 读（替代 env `USER_RECHARGE_OPTIONS`）。
+- admin `RechargeTiers` 配置页 + `UserRecharge.tsx` 接 DB。
+
+### 第 5 期：C 预警
+- 余额接口（user_billing_summary 等）加 `lowBalance`（余额 < 阈值，config 默认 0.2）。
+- Dashboard / UserRecharge / ComfyUIAgent 顶部预警条。
+
+### 第 6 期：D 审计 + 对账
+- `GET /api/admin/billing/ledger`（跨用户，过滤分页）+ admin `BillingAudit` 页。
+- cron：拉 Comfy `/customers/balance` 总余额，与 points consume ledger 比对，偏差超阈值写 log + admin 告警标志（不自动改数据）。
+
+---
+
+## 自审
+
+- **spec 覆盖**：第 1 期覆盖 spec「数据模型」+「USD 轨记账接入」三处（充值/消费/调整）；后 5 期概要逐条对应 spec 的积分轨/A/B/C/D + 对账。recharge_tiers 表 spec 列在数据模型，实现挪到第 4 期建（第 1 期用不到），已注明。
+- **占位扫描**：第 1 期 Task 1-3 含完整代码；Task 4-5 用文字描述但步骤明确（adjust 与 Task 3 同模式，刻意不重复大段代码，执行时参照 Task 3）。后 5 期为概要，执行前细化。
+- **类型一致**：`LedgerEntry` 字段、`record_ledger_entry`/`ensure_ledger_schema` 签名在 Task 1 定义，Task 2-4 一致引用。`track`/`entry_type` 取值（usd/points、recharge/consume/admin_adjust）全程一致。
+
+---
+
+## 第 2 期：积分轨（细化 TDD）
+
+文件结构：
+- `src/services/billing/ledger.rs` 加积分轨核心：`points_balance(db,user_id)`（读余额）、`apply_points_delta(db, user_id, delta, entry_type, model, operator, ref_*)`（事务内：UPSERT user_credits 余额 + 写 ledger(points)，返回新余额）。所有积分增减走这一个入口。
+- `src/config.rs`：ComfyUIConfig 加 `workflow_points_cost`（默认单价）。
+- `src/workflow/executor.rs`：run_workflow_with_progress 前置拦截 + 收尾扣积分。
+- `src/services/payment.rs`：admin_confirm_user_recharge 改为加积分（受 config 开关）。
+- `src/routes/admin/users.rs`：新增 `adjust_user_credits` handler + 路由。
+
+### Task 6：积分轨核心 apply_points_delta + points_balance
+
+**Files:** Modify `src/services/billing/ledger.rs`
+
+- [ ] **Step1 失败测试**（ledger.rs tests mod）：
+
+```rust
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn apply_points_delta_upserts_balance_and_writes_ledger() {
+    let pool = mem_pool().await;
+    // 首次 +100（充值）
+    let bal = apply_points_delta(&pool, 9, 100.0, "recharge", None, Some("system"), Some("recharge_record"), None).await.unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(bal, 100.0);
+    // 再 -30（消费）
+    let bal2 = apply_points_delta(&pool, 9, -30.0, "consume", Some("wf/video"), Some("system"), Some("workflow"), None).await.unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(bal2, 70.0);
+    // user_credits 缓存 = 70
+    let cached: f64 = sqlx::query_scalar("SELECT points_balance FROM user_credits WHERE user_id = 9").fetch_one(&pool).await.unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(cached, 70.0);
+    // ledger 两行
+    let n: i64 = sqlx::query_scalar("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM credit_ledger WHERE user_id=9 AND track='points'").fetch_one(&pool).await.unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(n, 2);
+}
+```
+
+- [ ] **Step2** `cargo test -p boosapi --lib apply_points_delta_upserts 2>&1 | tail -6` → FAIL。
+
+- [ ] **Step3 实现**（ledger.rs，tests 之前）：
+
+```rust
+/// Current points balance for a user (0 if no row yet).
+pub async fn points_balance(db: &SqlitePool, user_id: i64) -> AppResult<f64> {
+    let bal: Option<f64> = sqlx::query_scalar(
+        "SELECT points_balance FROM user_credits WHERE user_id = ?",
+    )
+    .bind(user_id)
+    .fetch_optional(db)
+    .await?;
+    Ok(bal.unwrap_or(0.0))
+}
+
+/// Apply a points delta (+credit / -debit) atomically: upsert the cached
+/// balance in `user_credits` and append one `credit_ledger(track=points)` row,
+/// in a single transaction. Returns the new balance.
+#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
+pub async fn apply_points_delta(
+    db: &SqlitePool,
+    user_id: i64,
+    delta: f64,
+    entry_type: &str,
+    model: Option<&str>,
+    operator: Option<&str>,
+    ref_type: Option<&str>,
+    ref_id: Option<&str>,
+) -> AppResult<f64> {
+    ensure_ledger_schema(db).await?;
+    let mut tx = db.begin().await?;
+    let current: f64 = sqlx::query_scalar(
+        "SELECT points_balance FROM user_credits WHERE user_id = ?",
+    )
+    .bind(user_id)
+    .fetch_optional(&mut *tx)
+    .await?
+    .unwrap_or(0.0);
+    let next = current + delta;
+    let total_recharged_inc = if delta > 0.0 && entry_type == "recharge" { delta } else { 0.0 };
+    sqlx::query(
+        "INSERT INTO user_credits (user_id, points_balance, points_total_recharged, updated_at)
+         VALUES (?, ?, ?, datetime('now'))
+         ON CONFLICT(user_id) DO UPDATE SET
+            points_balance = ?,
+            points_total_recharged = points_total_recharged + ?,
+            updated_at = datetime('now')",
+    )
+    .bind(user_id).bind(next).bind(total_recharged_inc)
+    .bind(next).bind(total_recharged_inc)
+    .execute(&mut *tx).await?;
+    record_ledger_entry(&mut tx, LedgerEntry {
+        user_id, track: "points", entry_type,
+        amount: delta, balance_after: next,
+        ref_type, ref_id, model, operator, note: None,
+    }).await?;
+    tx.commit().await?;
+    Ok(next)
+}
+```
+
+- [ ] **Step4** `cargo test -p boosapi --lib apply_points_delta 2>&1 | tail -6` → PASS；`cargo build -j 2 | tail -2`。
+- [ ] **Step5** `git add src/services/billing/ledger.rs && git commit -m "feat(billing): points track apply_points_delta + balance"`
+
+### Task 7：工作流积分单价 config
+
+**Files:** Modify `src/config.rs`
+
+- [ ] **Step1** 测试：config 默认值测试（若 config.rs 有 default 测试则加断言；否则跳测试，靠编译）。
+- [ ] **Step2/3 实现**：ComfyUIConfig 加字段 `#[serde(default = "default_workflow_points_cost")] pub workflow_points_cost: f64,`，default fn 返回 `10.0`；Default impl 里加 `workflow_points_cost: 10.0,`。
+- [ ] **Step4** `cargo build -j 2 2>&1 | tail -3` → Finished（config 字段加完整个 crate 能编译）。
+- [ ] **Step5** `git add src/config.rs && git commit -m "feat(billing): workflow_points_cost config"`
+
+### Task 8：工作流执行前置拦截 + 成功扣积分
+
+**Files:** Modify `src/workflow/executor.rs`
+
+- [ ] **Step1 失败测试**：executor.rs tests mod（若无则建）。建 in-memory pool + user_credits/credit_ledger，构造一个最简 graph，`ctx.user_id=Some(9)`：
+  - 余额不足（0 积分，单价 10）→ run_workflow_with_progress 返回 Err（Forbidden 含"积分不足"）。
+  - 余额充足（100）→ 执行成功后 points_balance 变 90，credit_ledger 出现一行 (points, consume, -10)。
+  （若 executor 难以单测真实节点，则把"拦截"和"扣费"逻辑抽成小函数 `check_workflow_points(state, user_id, cost)` 和 `charge_workflow_points(state, user_id, cost, workflow_name)` 各自单测，run_workflow 调它们。优先抽函数单测。）
+
+- [ ] **Step2** 确认 FAIL。
+
+- [ ] **Step3 实现**：
+  - 在 run_workflow_with_progress 的 `validate_and_sort` 之后、`insert_run` 之前：若 `ctx.user_id` 是 Some 且 `ctx.charge_points`（见下）：`let cost = state.config.comfyui.workflow_points_cost; if cost > 0.0 { let bal = ledger::points_balance(&state.db, uid).await?; if bal < cost { return Err(AppError::Forbidden("工作流积分不足，请充值".into())); } }`
+  - 在 `complete_run` 之后、`Ok(run_public_id)` 之前：`if let Some(uid) = ctx.user_id { let cost = state.config.comfyui.workflow_points_cost; if cost > 0.0 { let _ = ledger::apply_points_delta(&state.db, uid, -cost, "consume", Some(&format!("workflow:{}", workflow_id)), Some("system"), Some("workflow_run"), Some(&run_public_id)).await; } }`（扣费 best-effort，失败记 log 不阻断已产出结果）。
+  - 注意：Admin 调用（builtin key，user_id 可能是 Some(admin) 或特殊）是否扣？按设计仅对普通用户扣。可用 RunContext 加 `pub charge_points: bool` 字段，run_context 构造时 User=>true / Admin=>false。models.rs RunContext 加该字段，两处构造（routes.rs run_context、workflow_ui.rs workflow_context）补 `charge_points`。
+
+- [ ] **Step4** 测试 PASS + `cargo build -j 2`。
+- [ ] **Step5** `git add src/workflow/executor.rs src/workflow/models.rs src/workflow/routes.rs src/routes/workflow_ui.rs && git commit -m "feat(billing): workflow points gating + charge"`
+
+### Task 9：comfy 充值改加积分 + admin 积分调整
+
+**Files:** Modify `src/services/payment.rs`、`src/routes/admin/users.rs`、`src/config.rs`(开关)、`src/routes/admin/mod.rs`(路由)
+
+- [ ] **Step1 失败测试**：
+  - payment.rs：`admin_confirm_user_recharge` 确认后，credit_ledger 出现 (points, recharge, +amount)（而非 usd）；user_credits 增加。
+  - users.rs：`adjust_user_credits` handler 调用后 credit_ledger 出现 (points, admin_adjust)。
+- [ ] **Step2** FAIL。
+- [ ] **Step3 实现**：
+  - config 开关 `payment.comfy_recharge_to_points: bool`（默认 true）。
+  - `admin_confirm_user_recharge`：开关为 true 时改调 `ledger::apply_points_delta(db, user_id, amount_usd_as_points, "recharge", None, Some("admin"), Some("recharge_record"), Some(public_id))`（USD→积分换算：本期 1 USD = N 积分，N 用 config `payment.usd_to_points_rate` 默认 100；即 grant_points = amount_usd * rate）。开关 false 时维持原 credit_user_balance(USD)。**历史不迁移**。
+  - 新增 `adjust_user_credits(State, Path(id), Json{delta})` handler（仿 adjust_user_balance）→ `apply_points_delta(db,id,delta,"admin_adjust",None,Some("admin"),Some("manual"),None)`，返回 {success, data{userId, pointsBalance}}。
+  - admin/mod.rs 注册 `POST /api/admin/users/{id}/credits/adjust`。
+- [ ] **Step4** 相关测试 + payment/users 模块全过 + build。
+- [ ] **Step5** 分两个 commit 或一个：`git commit -m "feat(billing): comfy recharge to points + admin credit adjust"`
+
+### Task 10：第 2 期全量回归
+- [ ] `cargo test 2>&1 | grep "test result"` 全 ok；`cargo build -j 2 | tail -2` Finished。

docs/superpowers/specs/2026-06-16-billing-closed-loop-design.md

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+# 计费闭环系统设计
+
+日期：2026-06-16
+状态：设计已获批，待写实现计划
+
+## 背景
+
+BoosAPI 现有计费是零散拼接的：每个用户的 downstream API key 有 `max_cost`（美元上限）/ `used_cost`（已消耗），proxy 请求路径在 `used_cost >= max_cost` 时硬拦截返回 429；充值通过 Stripe 自动到账或 comfy_cloud 管理员确认到账，调用 `credit_user_balance` 增加 `max_cost`；新用户默认 $1 额度；usage_logs 按 key 记每笔消费。
+
+缺口：ComfyUI 工作流执行不扣额度、无积分体系、无消费明细可视化、无充值档位配置、无低额度预警、无全量变动审计。
+
+本设计把上述补齐为一个 **ledger-first（统一流水账）** 的计费闭环。
+
+## 核心模型：双轨额度
+
+- **USD 轨**：LLM 对话、生图、视频等所有走 `/v1/*` 的调用。沿用 `downstream_api_keys.max_cost/used_cost`。
+- **工作流积分轨**：仅 ComfyUI 工作流执行。新建每用户独立的积分池，平台可管理。
+
+两轨并行、互不换算。comfy_cloud 充值进积分轨；其他充值（Stripe）进 USD 轨。
+
+## 数据模型
+
+### 新表 `credit_ledger`（唯一真相源，所有变动记一行）
+
+| 字段 | 类型 | 说明 |
+|---|---|---|
+| `id` | INTEGER PK AUTOINCREMENT | |
+| `user_id` | INTEGER NOT NULL | 所属用户 |
+| `track` | TEXT NOT NULL | `usd` / `points` |
+| `entry_type` | TEXT NOT NULL | `recharge` / `admin_adjust` / `consume` / `refund` / `grant` |
+| `amount` | REAL NOT NULL | 正=增 负=减（usd 用美元，points 用积分） |
+| `balance_after` | REAL NOT NULL | 该轨本次变动后余额快照 |
+| `ref_type` | TEXT | `usage_log` / `recharge_record` / `manual` / `stripe` 等 |
+| `ref_id` | TEXT | 关联记录 id/public_id |
+| `model` | TEXT | 消费类：模型名或工作流名（供聚合） |
+| `operator` | TEXT | 操作者：管理员名 / `system` / `user` |
+| `note` | TEXT | 备注 |
+| `created_at` | TEXT DEFAULT (datetime('now')) | |
+
+索引：`(user_id, created_at DESC)`、`(track, entry_type)`、`(user_id, track)`。
+
+### 新表 `user_credits`（积分余额缓存）
+
+| 字段 | 类型 | 说明 |
+|---|---|---|
+| `user_id` | INTEGER PK | |
+| `points_balance` | REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 | 当前积分余额（热路径读写） |
+| `points_total_recharged` | REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 | 累计充值积分（统计） |
+| `updated_at` | TEXT | |
+
+### 新表 `recharge_tiers`（充值档位，admin 可配）
+
+| 字段 | 类型 | 说明 |
+|---|---|---|
+| `id` | INTEGER PK AUTOINCREMENT | |
+| `track` | TEXT NOT NULL | `usd` / `points` |
+| `amount_usd` | REAL NOT NULL | 支付金额（USD） |
+| `grant_amount` | REAL NOT NULL | 到账量（USD 数或积分数） |
+| `bonus` | REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 | 赠送量 |
+| `title` | TEXT | 档位标题 |
+| `sort_order` | INTEGER DEFAULT 0 | 排序 |
+| `enabled` | INTEGER DEFAULT 1 | 启用 |
+
+### 余额派生策略：ledger + 缓存双写
+
+- **USD 轨**：`max_cost/used_cost` 作快速余额缓存（拦截/展示零延迟读），每笔变动**同事务**写一条 `credit_ledger(track=usd)`。
+- **积分轨**：`user_credits.points_balance` 作缓存，每笔变动**同事务**写 `credit_ledger(track=points)`。
+- **关键不变量**：任何余额变动 = 缓存字段更新 + 一条 ledger，**同一 DB 事务**，事务失败整体回滚，绝不只改其一。
+- ledger 是审计/明细/对账真相；缓存字段是热路径性能优化。
+
+## 双轨记账接入
+
+原则：所有动余额处，同事务"改缓存 + 写一条 ledger"。
+
+### USD 轨
+
+| 变动 | 现有代码 | 改造 |
+|---|---|---|
+| 充值到账 | `credit_user_balance`（payment.rs） | 同事务加写 ledger(usd, recharge) |
+| 消费扣费 | `increment_key_usage`/`record_billing` | 同事务加写 ledger(usd, consume, model=模型名) |
+| 管理员增减 | `adjust_user_balance` | 同事务加写 ledger(usd, admin_adjust, operator) |
+| 额度拦截 | proxy `used_cost>=max_cost`→429 | 不变，补低额度预警信号 |
+
+### 积分轨（基本新建）
+
+| 变动 | 现状 | 新增 |
+|---|---|---|
+| 充值到账 | comfy_cloud 确认到账现加 USD | 改为加 `points_balance` + ledger(points, recharge) |
+| 消费扣费 | 工作流不扣 | 工作流执行**成功后**按单价扣积分 + ledger(points, consume, model=工作流名)；失败不扣 |
+| 管理员发放/增减 | 无 | 新增 `adjust_user_credits` + ledger(points, admin_adjust) |
+| 积分拦截 | 无 | 工作流执行**前**检查 `points_balance >= 单价`，不足拒绝；低额度预警 |
+
+- 积分消费扣费点：`workflow/executor.rs` 的 `run_workflow` 成功收尾处（有 `ctx.user_id`），与现有"工作流按用户 key 记 USD 消费"平行。
+- **comfy_cloud 充值改向积分轨**：行为变更，历史 USD **不迁移**，仅对切换后新充值生效，用 config 开关控制（可回滚）。
+
+## 积分消费规则：A+C 混合
+
+- **A 固定/分级单价**（主）：工作流执行扣固定积分（config 默认值，可按工作流类型分级）。可预测、支持并发。
+- **C 对账校准**（兜底）：后台 cron 拉 Comfy 总余额对账，偏差超阈值提示管理员调单价。
+
+## 四块功能
+
+### A 消费明细（用户侧，明细+聚合）
+- 新建 `GET /api/user/billing/ledger`：查该用户 credit_ledger，可按 track/type/时间过滤。
+- 新建 `GET /api/user/billing/summary`：按天/按模型聚合，双轨分开。
+- 扩展 `UsageRecords.tsx`：双轨切换 + 聚合汇总卡 + 明细列表。
+
+### B 充值档位（本期可配置，订阅后期）
+- 新建 `recharge_tiers` 表 + admin CRUD `GET/POST/PUT/DELETE /api/admin/recharge-tiers`。
+- 改造用户充值：档位从 DB 读（替代 env 写死的 `USER_RECHARGE_OPTIONS`）。
+- 扩展 `UserRecharge.tsx`（档位从接口拉）+ 新建 admin `RechargeTiers` 配置页。
+
+### C 超额 + 预警（两轨硬拦 + 预警）
+- USD 拦截已有（不动）；积分拦截新建（工作流执行前）。
+- 余额接口加 `lowBalance` 标志（余额 < 阈值，config 可配默认 20%）。
+- Dashboard/充值页/视频助手：余额低显示预警条。
+
+### D 审计对账（管理员侧，全量流水）
+- 新建 `GET /api/admin/billing/ledger`：跨用户查 credit_ledger（按 user/track/type/时间过滤、分页）。
+- 新建 admin `BillingAudit` 页：全量变动流水表（谁/何时/给谁/加减/原因），站点管理风格。
+- 对账校准：cron 拉 Comfy 总余额，与积分消费 ledger 比对，偏差超阈值写 log + admin 告警标志。**不自动改数据**，仅提示，管理员手动调单价。
+
+## 错误处理（不变量）
+
+- 余额变动 = 缓存 + ledger 同事务；失败整体回滚。
+- 消费扣费 best-effort 不阻断响应（沿用 record_billing 原则）。
+- 积分轨：拦截是前置硬检查，扣费是后置；后置扣费失败已产出结果 → 记日志补偿。
+- comfy 充值改向积分：config 开关控制，可回滚。
+
+## 测试策略
+
+- 单元：ledger 写入+缓存同步事务一致性；积分拦截（不足拒绝）；单价扣费；充值进积分；管理员调整双轨。
+- 复用现有 payment/billing 测试框架（in-memory SQLite）。
+
+## 实现顺序（分 6 期，每期可独立上线）
+
+1. **地基**：credit_ledger + user_credits 表 + 迁移；USD 轨记账接进 ledger（充值/消费/调整三处双写）。
+2. **积分轨**：工作流积分扣费 + 拦截 + comfy 充值改进积分 + 管理员积分调整。
+3. **A 消费明细**：用户侧 ledger/summary 接口 + UsageRecords 扩展。
+4. **B 充值档位**：recharge_tiers 表 + admin 配置页 + 用户充值页接 DB。
+5. **C 预警**：余额接口加 lowBalance + 前端预警条。
+6. **D 审计 + 对账**：admin BillingAudit 页 + cron 对账校准。
+
+## 新增清单小结
+
+- **表**：credit_ledger（核心）、user_credits（积分缓存）、recharge_tiers（档位）。
+- **后端接口**：user billing ledger/summary、admin recharge-tiers CRUD、admin billing ledger、adjust_user_credits、积分拦截/扣费。
+- **前端页面**：admin RechargeTiers、admin BillingAudit；扩展 UsageRecords / UserRecharge / Dashboard。
+- **cron**：Comfy 余额对账校准任务。

src/config.rs

@@ -62,6 +62,8 @@ pub struct ComfyUIConfig {
     pub money_printer_video_cost: f64,
     #[serde(default)]
     pub digital_human_video_cost: f64,
+    #[serde(default = "default_workflow_points_cost")]
+    pub workflow_points_cost: f64,
     #[serde(default = "default_comfyui_docker_image")]
     pub docker_image: String,
     #[serde(default = "default_comfyui_container_name")]
@@ -113,6 +115,10 @@ fn default_comfyui_container_name() -> String {
     "boosapi-comfyui-workflow".to_string()
 }
 
+fn default_workflow_points_cost() -> f64 {
+    10.0
+}
+
 impl Default for ComfyUIConfig {
     fn default() -> Self {
         Self {
@@ -120,6 +126,7 @@ impl Default for ComfyUIConfig {
             backend: ComfyUIBackend::Boosapi,
             money_printer_video_cost: 0.0,
             digital_human_video_cost: 0.0,
+            workflow_points_cost: 10.0,
             docker_image: default_comfyui_docker_image(),
             container_name: default_comfyui_container_name(),
             install_dir: None,

src/routes/admin/users.rs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ use crate::{
     auth::password::hash_password,
     db::models::{downstream_api_key::DownstreamApiKey, user::User},
     error::{AppError, AppResult},
+    routes::auth::DEFAULT_NEW_USER_MAX_COST_USD,
     AppState,
 };
 use axum::{
@@ -238,17 +239,18 @@ pub async fn create_user(
 
     let user_id = result.last_insert_rowid();
 
-    // Auto-generate downstream API key
+    // Auto-generate downstream API key with the default starter credit.
     let key = format!("sk-user-{}", uuid::Uuid::new_v4());
     let key_name = format!("{} 的默认密钥", payload.username.trim());
 
     sqlx::query(
-        "INSERT INTO downstream_api_keys (name, key, user_id, enabled) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)",
+        "INSERT INTO downstream_api_keys (name, key, user_id, enabled, max_cost) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
     )
     .bind(&key_name)
     .bind(&key)
     .bind(user_id)
     .bind(true)
+    .bind(DEFAULT_NEW_USER_MAX_COST_USD)
     .execute(&mut *tx)
     .await?;
 
@@ -708,6 +710,195 @@ pub async fn update_user_key(
     Ok(Json(json!({ "data": updated })))
 }
 
+// ── User balance management (admin) ────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+pub struct ListBalancesQuery {
+    pub page: Option<i64>,
+    pub page_size: Option<i64>,
+    pub q: Option<String>,
+}
+
+/// GET /api/admin/user-balances — list users with their credit pool
+/// (summed max_cost / used_cost across their downstream keys).
+pub async fn list_user_balances(
+    State(state): State<AppState>,
+    Query(query): Query<ListBalancesQuery>,
+) -> AppResult<Json<Value>> {
+    let page = query.page.unwrap_or(1).max(1);
+    let page_size = query.page_size.unwrap_or(50).clamp(1, 200);
+    let offset = (page - 1) * page_size;
+    let q = query.q.unwrap_or_default().trim().to_string();
+    let q_like = format!("%{}%", q);
+
+    let rows = sqlx::query(
+        r#"
+        SELECT
+            u.id AS user_id,
+            u.username AS username,
+            u.email AS email,
+            u.role AS role,
+            u.status AS status,
+            COALESCE(SUM(COALESCE(k.used_cost, 0.0)), 0.0) AS used_cost,
+            COALESCE(SUM(CASE WHEN k.max_cost IS NULL THEN 0.0 ELSE k.max_cost END), 0.0) AS limited_max_cost,
+            SUM(CASE WHEN k.id IS NULL THEN 0 WHEN k.max_cost IS NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS unlimited_key_count,
+            COUNT(k.id) AS key_count
+        FROM users u
+        LEFT JOIN downstream_api_keys k ON k.user_id = u.id
+        WHERE (? = '' OR u.username LIKE ? OR u.email LIKE ? OR CAST(u.id AS TEXT) = ?)
+        GROUP BY u.id
+        ORDER BY u.id DESC
+        LIMIT ? OFFSET ?
+        "#,
+    )
+    .bind(&q)
+    .bind(&q_like)
+    .bind(&q_like)
+    .bind(&q)
+    .bind(page_size)
+    .bind(offset)
+    .fetch_all(&*state.db)
+    .await?;
+
+    let total: i64 = sqlx::query_scalar(
+        "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users
+         WHERE (? = '' OR username LIKE ? OR email LIKE ? OR CAST(id AS TEXT) = ?)",
+    )
+    .bind(&q)
+    .bind(&q_like)
+    .bind(&q_like)
+    .bind(&q)
+    .fetch_one(&*state.db)
+    .await?;
+
+    let items: Vec<Value> = rows
+        .iter()
+        .map(|row| {
+            use sqlx::Row;
+            let used: f64 = row.try_get("used_cost").unwrap_or(0.0);
+            let limited_max: f64 = row.try_get("limited_max_cost").unwrap_or(0.0);
+            let unlimited: i64 = row.try_get("unlimited_key_count").unwrap_or(0);
+            let remaining = if unlimited > 0 {
+                Value::Null
+            } else {
+                Value::from((limited_max - used).max(0.0))
+            };
+            json!({
+                "userId": row.try_get::<i64, _>("user_id").unwrap_or(0),
+                "username": row.try_get::<Option<String>, _>("username").ok().flatten(),
+                "email": row.try_get::<Option<String>, _>("email").ok().flatten(),
+                "role": row.try_get::<Option<String>, _>("role").ok().flatten(),
+                "status": row.try_get::<Option<String>, _>("status").ok().flatten(),
+                "keyCount": row.try_get::<i64, _>("key_count").unwrap_or(0),
+                "usedCost": used,
+                "maxCost": if unlimited > 0 { Value::Null } else { Value::from(limited_max) },
+                "remainingCost": remaining,
+                "unlimitedKeyCount": unlimited,
+            })
+        })
+        .collect();
+
+    Ok(Json(json!({
+        "data": items,
+        "meta": {
+            "page": page,
+            "pageSize": page_size,
+            "total": total,
+            "totalPages": ((total + page_size - 1) / page_size).max(1),
+        },
+    })))
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+pub struct AdjustBalanceRequest {
+    /// Amount to add (positive) or remove (negative) from the user's credit pool.
+    pub delta: f64,
+}
+
+/// POST /api/admin/users/{id}/balance/adjust — add or remove credit on the
+/// user's primary (lowest-id) downstream key by bumping its max_cost.
+pub async fn adjust_user_balance(
+    State(state): State<AppState>,
+    Path(id): Path<i64>,
+    Json(payload): Json<AdjustBalanceRequest>,
+) -> AppResult<Json<Value>> {
+    let delta = payload.delta;
+    if !delta.is_finite() || delta == 0.0 {
+        return Err(AppError::BadRequest("delta must be a non-zero finite number".into()));
+    }
+
+    crate::services::billing::ledger::ensure_ledger_schema(&state.db).await?;
+
+    let key: Option<(i64, Option<f64>, Option<f64>)> = sqlx::query_as(
+        "SELECT id, max_cost, used_cost
+         FROM downstream_api_keys
+         WHERE user_id = ?
+         ORDER BY id ASC
+         LIMIT 1",
+    )
+    .bind(id)
+    .fetch_optional(&*state.db)
+    .await?;
+
+    let Some((key_id, max_cost, used_cost)) = key else {
+        return Err(AppError::BadRequest(
+            "该用户没有可调整额度的 API Key（请先为其创建 Key）".into(),
+        ));
+    };
+
+    let used = used_cost.unwrap_or(0.0).max(0.0);
+    let current = max_cost.unwrap_or(used).max(used);
+    // Never let the limit drop below what's already been spent.
+    let next_max = (current + delta).max(used);
+    let remaining = (next_max - used).max(0.0);
+
+    let mut tx = state.db.begin().await?;
+    sqlx::query(
+        "UPDATE downstream_api_keys
+         SET max_cost = ?, updated_at = datetime('now')
+         WHERE id = ?",
+    )
+    .bind(next_max)
+    .bind(key_id)
+    .execute(&mut *tx)
+    .await?;
+
+    crate::services::billing::ledger::record_ledger_entry(
+        &mut tx,
+        crate::services::billing::ledger::LedgerEntry {
+            user_id: id,
+            track: "usd",
+            entry_type: "admin_adjust",
+            amount: delta,
+            balance_after: remaining,
+            ref_type: Some("manual"),
+            ref_id: None,
+            model: None,
+            operator: Some("admin"),
+            note: None,
+        },
+    )
+    .await?;
+    tx.commit().await?;
+
+    info!(
+        user_id = id,
+        key_id, delta, next_max, "admin adjusted user balance"
+    );
+
+    Ok(Json(json!({
+        "success": true,
+        "data": {
+            "userId": id,
+            "keyId": key_id,
+            "maxCost": next_max,
+            "usedCost": used,
+            "remainingCost": remaining,
+        }
+    })))
+}
+
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
@@ -800,6 +991,8 @@ mod tests {
                     template_proxy_url: None,
                 },
                 comfyui: Default::default(),
+                pixelle_video: Default::default(),
+                payment: Default::default(),
             },
             pool,
             BuiltinKeys {
@@ -847,4 +1040,53 @@ mod tests {
             .expect("read role");
         assert_eq!(role, "admin");
     }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn adjust_user_balance_writes_admin_adjust_ledger() {
+        let state = test_state().await;
+        crate::services::billing::ledger::ensure_ledger_schema(&state.db)
+            .await
+            .expect("ledger schema");
+
+        let user_id = sqlx::query(
+            "INSERT INTO users (username, email, password_hash, role, status)
+             VALUES (?, ?, ?, 'user', 'active')",
+        )
+        .bind("Spender")
+        .bind("spender@example.test")
+        .bind("hash")
+        .execute(&*state.db)
+        .await
+        .expect("insert user")
+        .last_insert_rowid();
+
+        sqlx::query(
+            "INSERT INTO downstream_api_keys (name, key, user_id, max_cost, used_cost)
+             VALUES (?, ?, ?, 10.0, 0.0)",
+        )
+        .bind("primary")
+        .bind("sk-spender")
+        .bind(user_id)
+        .execute(&*state.db)
+        .await
+        .expect("insert key");
+
+        adjust_user_balance(
+            State(state.clone()),
+            Path(user_id),
+            Json(AdjustBalanceRequest { delta: 5.0 }),
+        )
+        .await
+        .expect("adjust balance");
+
+        let row: (String, String, f64) = sqlx::query_as(
+            "SELECT track, entry_type, amount FROM credit_ledger
+             WHERE user_id = ? ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1",
+        )
+        .bind(user_id)
+        .fetch_one(&*state.db)
+        .await
+        .expect("ledger row");
+        assert_eq!(row, ("usd".into(), "admin_adjust".into(), 5.0));
+    }
 }

src/services/billing/ledger.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+use crate::error::AppResult;
+use sqlx::{SqlitePool, Transaction};
+
+/// One balance-changing event. Written to `credit_ledger` in the same
+/// transaction that updates the cached balance, so ledger and cache never diverge.
+pub struct LedgerEntry<'a> {
+    pub user_id: i64,
+    pub track: &'a str,        // "usd" | "points"
+    pub entry_type: &'a str,   // "recharge" | "admin_adjust" | "consume" | "refund" | "grant"
+    pub amount: f64,           // +credit / -debit
+    pub balance_after: f64,
+    pub ref_type: Option<&'a str>,
+    pub ref_id: Option<&'a str>,
+    pub model: Option<&'a str>,
+    pub operator: Option<&'a str>,
+    pub note: Option<&'a str>,
+}
+
+pub async fn ensure_ledger_schema(db: &SqlitePool) -> AppResult<()> {
+    sqlx::query(
+        "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS credit_ledger (
+            id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT NOT NULL,
+            user_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
+            track TEXT NOT NULL,
+            entry_type TEXT NOT NULL,
+            amount REAL NOT NULL,
+            balance_after REAL NOT NULL,
+            ref_type TEXT,
+            ref_id TEXT,
+            model TEXT,
+            operator TEXT,
+            note TEXT,
+            created_at TEXT DEFAULT (datetime('now'))
+        )",
+    )
+    .execute(db)
+    .await?;
+    sqlx::query(
+        "CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS credit_ledger_user_created_idx
+         ON credit_ledger (user_id, created_at DESC)",
+    )
+    .execute(db)
+    .await?;
+    sqlx::query(
+        "CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS credit_ledger_track_type_idx
+         ON credit_ledger (track, entry_type)",
+    )
+    .execute(db)
+    .await?;
+    sqlx::query(
+        "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS user_credits (
+            user_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
+            points_balance REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+            points_total_recharged REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+            updated_at TEXT DEFAULT (datetime('now'))
+        )",
+    )
+    .execute(db)
+    .await?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Append one ledger row inside an existing transaction. Caller is responsible
+/// for also updating the cached balance in the same `tx`.
+pub async fn record_ledger_entry(
+    tx: &mut Transaction<'_, sqlx::Sqlite>,
+    entry: LedgerEntry<'_>,
+) -> AppResult<()> {
+    sqlx::query(
+        "INSERT INTO credit_ledger
+            (user_id, track, entry_type, amount, balance_after,
+             ref_type, ref_id, model, operator, note)
+         VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
+    )
+    .bind(entry.user_id)
+    .bind(entry.track)
+    .bind(entry.entry_type)
+    .bind(entry.amount)
+    .bind(entry.balance_after)
+    .bind(entry.ref_type)
+    .bind(entry.ref_id)
+    .bind(entry.model)
+    .bind(entry.operator)
+    .bind(entry.note)
+    .execute(&mut **tx)
+    .await?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Current points balance for a user (0 if no row yet).
+pub async fn points_balance(db: &SqlitePool, user_id: i64) -> AppResult<f64> {
+    let bal: Option<f64> = sqlx::query_scalar(
+        "SELECT points_balance FROM user_credits WHERE user_id = ?",
+    )
+    .bind(user_id)
+    .fetch_optional(db)
+    .await?;
+    Ok(bal.unwrap_or(0.0))
+}
+
+/// Apply a points delta (+credit / -debit) atomically: upsert the cached
+/// balance in `user_credits` and append one `credit_ledger(track=points)` row,
+/// in a single transaction. Returns the new balance.
+#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
+pub async fn apply_points_delta(
+    db: &SqlitePool,
+    user_id: i64,
+    delta: f64,
+    entry_type: &str,
+    model: Option<&str>,
+    operator: Option<&str>,
+    ref_type: Option<&str>,
+    ref_id: Option<&str>,
+) -> AppResult<f64> {
+    ensure_ledger_schema(db).await?;
+    let mut tx = db.begin().await?;
+    let current: f64 = sqlx::query_scalar(
+        "SELECT points_balance FROM user_credits WHERE user_id = ?",
+    )
+    .bind(user_id)
+    .fetch_optional(&mut *tx)
+    .await?
+    .unwrap_or(0.0);
+    let next = current + delta;
+    let total_recharged_inc = if delta > 0.0 && entry_type == "recharge" { delta } else { 0.0 };
+    sqlx::query(
+        "INSERT INTO user_credits (user_id, points_balance, points_total_recharged, updated_at)
+         VALUES (?, ?, ?, datetime('now'))
+         ON CONFLICT(user_id) DO UPDATE SET
+            points_balance = ?,
+            points_total_recharged = points_total_recharged + ?,
+            updated_at = datetime('now')",
+    )
+    .bind(user_id).bind(next).bind(total_recharged_inc)
+    .bind(next).bind(total_recharged_inc)
+    .execute(&mut *tx).await?;
+    record_ledger_entry(&mut tx, LedgerEntry {
+        user_id, track: "points", entry_type,
+        amount: delta, balance_after: next,
+        ref_type, ref_id, model, operator, note: None,
+    }).await?;
+    tx.commit().await?;
+    Ok(next)
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use sqlx::sqlite::SqlitePoolOptions;
+
+    async fn mem_pool() -> SqlitePool {
+        let pool = SqlitePoolOptions::new()
+            .max_connections(1)
+            .connect("sqlite::memory:")
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        ensure_ledger_schema(&pool).await.unwrap();
+        pool
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn record_ledger_entry_writes_row_with_balance_snapshot() {
+        let pool = mem_pool().await;
+        let mut tx = pool.begin().await.unwrap();
+        record_ledger_entry(
+            &mut tx,
+            LedgerEntry {
+                user_id: 7,
+                track: "usd",
+                entry_type: "recharge",
+                amount: 10.0,
+                balance_after: 10.0,
+                ref_type: Some("stripe"),
+                ref_id: Some("cs_1"),
+                model: None,
+                operator: Some("system"),
+                note: None,
+            },
+        )
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+        tx.commit().await.unwrap();
+
+        let row: (i64, String, String, f64, f64) = sqlx::query_as(
+            "SELECT user_id, track, entry_type, amount, balance_after
+             FROM credit_ledger WHERE user_id = 7",
+        )
+        .fetch_one(&pool)
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(row, (7, "usd".into(), "recharge".into(), 10.0, 10.0));
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn apply_points_delta_upserts_balance_and_writes_ledger() {
+        let pool = mem_pool().await;
+        // 首次 +100（充值）
+        let bal = apply_points_delta(&pool, 9, 100.0, "recharge", None, Some("system"), Some("recharge_record"), None).await.unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(bal, 100.0);
+        // 再 -30（消费）
+        let bal2 = apply_points_delta(&pool, 9, -30.0, "consume", Some("wf/video"), Some("system"), Some("workflow"), None).await.unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(bal2, 70.0);
+        // user_credits 缓存 = 70
+        let cached: f64 = sqlx::query_scalar("SELECT points_balance FROM user_credits WHERE user_id = 9").fetch_one(&pool).await.unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(cached, 70.0);
+        // ledger 两行
+        let n: i64 = sqlx::query_scalar("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM credit_ledger WHERE user_id=9 AND track='points'").fetch_one(&pool).await.unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(n, 2);
+    }
+}

src/services/billing/mod.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
+pub mod ledger;
+
 use crate::{
     error::{AppError, AppResult},
-    services::shared::{enforce_key_request_limit, increment_key_usage},
+    services::shared::enforce_key_request_limit,
 };
 use chrono::Timelike;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
@@ -54,25 +56,68 @@ impl UsageTracker {
         cost: f64,
     ) -> AppResult<()> {
         Self::ensure_schema(&self.db).await?;
+        crate::services::billing::ledger::ensure_ledger_schema(&self.db).await?;
         let prompt_tokens = prompt_tokens.max(0);
         let completion_tokens = completion_tokens.max(0);
         let total_tokens = prompt_tokens + completion_tokens;
+        let cost = cost.max(0.0);
+        let model = model.into();
 
+        let mut tx = self.db.begin().await?;
         sqlx::query(
             "INSERT INTO usage_logs
                 (downstream_key_id, model, prompt_tokens, completion_tokens, total_tokens, cost)
              VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
         )
         .bind(key_id)
-        .bind(model.into())
+        .bind(&model)
         .bind(prompt_tokens)
         .bind(completion_tokens)
         .bind(total_tokens)
-        .bind(cost.max(0.0))
-        .execute(&*self.db)
+        .bind(cost)
+        .execute(&mut *tx)
         .await?;
 
-        increment_key_usage(&self.db, key_id, cost.max(0.0)).await?;
+        sqlx::query(
+            "UPDATE downstream_api_keys
+             SET used_requests = COALESCE(used_requests,0)+1,
+                 used_cost = COALESCE(used_cost,0)+?,
+                 last_used_at = datetime('now'), updated_at = datetime('now')
+             WHERE id = ?",
+        )
+        .bind(cost)
+        .bind(key_id)
+        .execute(&mut *tx)
+        .await?;
+
+        // Resolve owning user + new used_cost for the ledger snapshot.
+        let owner: Option<(Option<i64>, Option<f64>, Option<f64>)> = sqlx::query_as(
+            "SELECT user_id, max_cost, used_cost FROM downstream_api_keys WHERE id = ?",
+        )
+        .bind(key_id)
+        .fetch_optional(&mut *tx)
+        .await?;
+        if let Some((Some(user_id), max_cost, used_cost)) = owner {
+            let used = used_cost.unwrap_or(0.0);
+            let remaining = max_cost.map(|m| (m - used).max(0.0)).unwrap_or(used);
+            crate::services::billing::ledger::record_ledger_entry(
+                &mut tx,
+                crate::services::billing::ledger::LedgerEntry {
+                    user_id,
+                    track: "usd",
+                    entry_type: "consume",
+                    amount: -cost,
+                    balance_after: remaining,
+                    ref_type: Some("usage_log"),
+                    ref_id: None,
+                    model: Some(&model),
+                    operator: Some("system"),
+                    note: None,
+                },
+            )
+            .await?;
+        }
+        tx.commit().await?;
         Ok(())
     }
 
@@ -229,7 +274,12 @@ impl UsageTracker {
         .bind(event.key_id)
         .bind(&event.model)
         .bind(&event.model)
-        .bind(event.error_message.as_deref().unwrap_or("Comfy task failed"))
+        .bind(
+            event
+                .error_message
+                .as_deref()
+                .unwrap_or("Comfy task failed"),
+        )
         .bind(event.client_family)
         .bind(event.client_app_id)
         .bind(event.client_app_name)
@@ -825,6 +875,7 @@ mod tests {
                 used_cost REAL DEFAULT 0,
                 max_requests INTEGER,
                 used_requests INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
+                user_id INTEGER,
                 last_used_at TEXT,
                 updated_at TEXT DEFAULT (datetime('now'))
             )",
@@ -844,6 +895,62 @@ mod tests {
         pool
     }
 
+    async fn billing_test_pool() -> SqlitePool {
+        let pool = SqlitePoolOptions::new()
+            .max_connections(1)
+            .connect("sqlite::memory:")
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        sqlx::query(
+            "CREATE TABLE users (
+                id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+                username TEXT NOT NULL,
+                email TEXT NOT NULL,
+                password_hash TEXT NOT NULL,
+                role TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'user',
+                status TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'active',
+                created_at TEXT,
+                updated_at TEXT
+            )",
+        )
+        .execute(&pool)
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+        sqlx::query(
+            "CREATE TABLE downstream_api_keys (
+                id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+                name TEXT NOT NULL,
+                key TEXT NOT NULL,
+                enabled INTEGER DEFAULT 1,
+                max_cost REAL,
+                used_cost REAL DEFAULT 0,
+                max_requests INTEGER,
+                used_requests INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
+                user_id INTEGER,
+                last_used_at TEXT,
+                updated_at TEXT DEFAULT (datetime('now'))
+            )",
+        )
+        .execute(&pool)
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+        sqlx::query(
+            "INSERT INTO users (id, username, email, password_hash, role, status)
+             VALUES (9, 'creator', 'creator@example.test', 'hash', 'user', 'active')",
+        )
+        .execute(&pool)
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+        sqlx::query(
+            "INSERT INTO downstream_api_keys (id, name, key, max_cost, used_cost, user_id)
+             VALUES (7, 'default', 'sk-user-test', 10.0, 2.0, 9)",
+        )
+        .execute(&pool)
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+        pool
+    }
+
     async fn create_proxy_logs(pool: &SqlitePool) {
         sqlx::query(
             "CREATE TABLE proxy_logs (
@@ -911,6 +1018,32 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(summary.total_cost, 0.25);
     }
 
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn record_usage_writes_consume_ledger_entry() {
+        let pool = billing_test_pool().await;
+        let tracker = UsageTracker::new(std::sync::Arc::new(pool.clone()));
+        crate::services::billing::ledger::ensure_ledger_schema(&pool)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        // key_id=7 属于 user 9，max_cost=10 used_cost=2（由 helper 建好）
+        tracker
+            .record_usage(7, "gpt-4o", 100, 50, 0.42)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+
+        let row: (String, String, f64, Option<String>) = sqlx::query_as(
+            "SELECT track, entry_type, amount, model FROM credit_ledger
+             WHERE user_id = 9 ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1",
+        )
+        .fetch_one(&pool)
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(row.0, "usd");
+        assert_eq!(row.1, "consume");
+        assert_eq!(row.2, -0.42); // 消费为负
+        assert_eq!(row.3.as_deref(), Some("gpt-4o"));
+    }
+
     #[tokio::test]
     async fn rate_limit_checks_request_and_cost_limits() {
         let tracker = UsageTracker::new(Arc::new(pool().await));
@@ -1017,7 +1150,10 @@ mod tests {
         .fetch_one(&*tracker.db)
         .await
         .unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(proxy_log, ("failed".to_string(), 0.0, "Not found".to_string()));
+        assert_eq!(
+            proxy_log,
+            ("failed".to_string(), 0.0, "Not found".to_string())
+        );
     }
 
     #[tokio::test]
@@ -1076,7 +1212,9 @@ mod tests {
         .await
         .unwrap();
 
-        let projected = UsageTracker::project_proxy_usage_for_db(&pool).await.unwrap();
+        let projected = UsageTracker::project_proxy_usage_for_db(&pool)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
         assert_eq!(projected, 1);
 
         let model_usage: (i64, i64, f64, i64) = sqlx::query_as(
@@ -1099,9 +1237,8 @@ mod tests {
         .unwrap();
         assert_eq!(site_usage, (1, 1, 0.12));
 
-        let hour_bucket: String = sqlx::query_scalar(
-            "SELECT bucket_start_utc FROM site_hour_usage WHERE site_id = 10",
-        )
+        let hour_bucket: String =
+            sqlx::query_scalar("SELECT bucket_start_utc FROM site_hour_usage WHERE site_id = 10")
                 .fetch_one(&pool)
                 .await
                 .unwrap();